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Poster Presentation
Serum immunoregulatory proteins as predictors of overall survival of metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab
  1. Yoshinobu Koguchi1,
  2. Helena Hoen1,
  3. Shelly Bambina1,
  4. Michael Rynning2,
  5. Richard Fuerstenberg2,
  6. Zipei Feng1,
  7. Bernard Fox1,
  8. Carlo Bifulco1,3,
  9. Brendan D Curti3,4,
  10. Walter Urba1,
  11. Christina Milburn5,
  12. Alan J Korman5 and
  13. Keith S Bahjat1,3,6
  1. Aff1 grid.415286.c0000 0004 0463 5556Earle A. Chiles Research Institute Portland OR USA
  2. Aff2 grid.437628.cR&D Systems Minneapolis MN USA
  3. Aff3 grid.415337.7Providence Cancer Center Portland OR USA
  4. Aff4 grid.240531.1000000040456863XProvidence Portland Medical Center Portland OR USA
  5. Aff5 grid.419971.3Bristol-Myers Squibb Redwood City CA USA
  6. Aff6 Robert W. Franz Cancer Research Center Portland OR USA

https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-1426-3-S2-P96

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    Meeting abstracts

    Background

    Treatment with ipilimumab improves overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic melanoma. Because ipilimumab targets T lymphocytes and not the tumor itself, efficacy may be uniquely sensitive to immunomodulatory factors present at the time of treatment.

    Methods

    We analyzed serum from patients with metastatic melanoma (247 of 273, 90.4%) randomly assigned to receive ipilimumab or gp100 peptide vaccine (NCT00094653). We quantified candidate biomarkers at baseline and assessed the association of each with overall survival using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results were confirmed in an independent cohort of similar patients (48 of 52, 92.3%) treated with ipilimumab (NCT00495066).

    Results

    Univariate analysis of biomarkers identified chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 11 (CXCL11) and soluble MHC class I polypeptide-related chain A (sMICA) as potential predictive biomarkers for ipilimumab but not gp100 therapy for metastatic melanoma. After controlling for baseline covariates, elevated CXCL11 and sMICA were associated with poor OS in ipilimumab-treated patients (log10 CXCL11: hazard ratio (HR), 1.88; 95% CI, 1.14 to 3.12; P = 0.014; and log10 sMICA quadratic effect P = 0.066; sMICA (≥247 vs < 247): HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.01) but not in gp100-treated patients. Multivariate analysis of an independent ipilimumab-treated cohort confirmed the association between log10 CXCL11 and OS (HR, 3.18; 95% CI 1.13 to 8.95; P = 0.029), while sMICA was less strongly associated with OS (log10 sMICA quadratic effect P = 0.16; sMICA (≥247 vs < 247): HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.67 to 3.27).

    Conclusion

    Low baseline CXCL11 and sMICA were associated with improved OS in patients with metastatic melanoma after ipilimumab treatment but not vaccine treatment. Thus, pretreatment CXCL11 and sMICA may represent predictors of survival benefit after ipilimumab treatment as well as therapeutic targets. Furthermore, their role in recruiting T regulatory cells (CXCL11) and inhibiting cytolytic effector cells (sMICA) suggests that combination therapies targeting these molecules may synergize with CTLA-4 blockade in patients.