Background As the sixth largest cancer in the world, the recurrence rate and metastasis rate of oral cancer are relatively high. Although the incidence of oral cancer has decreased in the past decade, the overall survival rate has only increased by 5%. The 5-year survival rate of early oral squamous cell carcinoma is only 50% to 60%. PD-1 inhibitors can bind to programmed death molecule 1 (PD-1) and block its binding to programmed death molecule ligand 1 (PD-L1), so as to restore immune function and achieve anti-tumor effect.

Methods 33 patients with oral malignant tumors were selected from the Department of Maxillofacial surgery of the first affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from August 2019 to June 2020. Among them, 8 patients were only treated with PD-1 inhibitor Camrelizumab injection combined with the targeted drug apatinib. 25 patients were treated with PD-1 inhibitor Camrelizumab injection combined with targetd drug apatinib after the operation. The dose of PD-1 inhibitor was 200 mg by intravenous infusion every three weeks, and the dose of apatinib was daily 500 mg orally. The duration of treatment with PD-1 inhibitors combined with apatinib ranged from 1 month to 10 months. The survival status and related immune adverse reactions of patients after one year of treatment were followed up and evaluated.

Results For 33 patients enrolled in the study, after excluding the cessation of PD-1 inhibitor treatment due to a variety of reasons, the overall disease control rate was 80.0%, of which 3 patients developed further and 1 died. Other relevant data need to be further tracked because they have not reached the end point of observation. Among the 33 patients, 5 patients had immune-related adverse reactions (15.2%), including 2 cases of skin rash, 1 case of skin capillary hyperplasia and 2 cases of other adverse reactions.

Conclusions The patients with Oral malignant tumor treated with PD-1 inhibitor Camrelizumab injection combined with targeted drug apatinib or postoperative adjuvant therapy can effectively control tumor development, improve the survival of patients, and help to improve the stability of postoperative efficacy.