%0 Journal Article %A Colin Thalhofer %A Ryan Montler %A Melissa Maxwell %A Dingxue Yan %A James Cardia %A Simon Fricker %A Jacob Moses %A Joshua Rios %A Tarsem Moudgil %A Bernard Fox %A Nick Morris %A B Bell %A Andrew Weinberg %T 172 Increasing activation of human tumor-reactive T cells (CD39+CD103+CD8+) by gene silencing of PD1 with self-delivering RNAi INTASYL(TM) %D 2020 %R 10.1136/jitc-2020-SITC2020.0172 %J Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer %P A103-A103 %V 8 %N Suppl 3 %X Background Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocyte (TIL) therapy has proven effective for patients with stage IV melanoma, however there are critical issues that can limit the efficacy of standard TIL therapy across a wide range of different malignancies. We and others have shown that some tumor types contain a low percentage of tumor-specific T cells. We hypothesize that most of the patients that do not respond to TIL therapy are likely receiving a low percentage of tumor-reactive T cells and therefore a high percentage of non-therapeutic bystander TIL. We have developed a streamlined method that expands a highly enriched fraction of tumor-reactive T cells contained within the CD39+CD103+CD8+ TIL in greater than 90% of patient samples from a wide variety of malignancies (melanoma, colon cancer, head and neck cancer, etc.). This TIL product displays a broad repertoire of tumor-specific TCRs. The expanded CD39/CD103 TIL can kill autologous tumors in vitro, but the possibility remains that they could revert to a suppressed or exhausted state when they reach the tumor microenvironment upon transfer back into patients. To mitigate the suppressive effects of the tumor microenvironment we have evaluated Phio Pharmaceutical’s self-delivering RNAi INTASYL(TM) platform to silence PD-1 in the expanded TIL product.Methods The TIL product was treated during the rapid expansion phase of the protocol with either nontargeting control compounds or PD-1 targeting INTASYL™ compounds. PD-1 protein levels and TIL functionality were assessed via flow cytometry and cytokine bead array.Results Silencing of PD-1 expression in the expanded TIL product was obtained by adding the self-delivering RNAi compounds to the cell culture media, without needing transfection media, delivery formulations or electroporation. The RNAi-treated TIL product showed increased IFN-?? TNF-α and Granzyme B expression.Conclusions These data highlight a promising combination to improve the activity of tumor-reactive TIL in future human clinical trials. %U https://jitc.bmj.com/content/jitc/8/Suppl_3/A103.1.full.pdf