PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Homan Kang
AU  - Min-Woong Kang
AU  - Satoshi Kashiwagi
AU  - Hak Soo Choi
TI  - NIR fluorescence imaging and treatment for cancer immunotherapy
AID  - 10.1136/jitc-2022-004936
DP  - 2022 Jul 01
TA  - Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
PG  - e004936
VI  - 10
IP  - 7
4099  - http://jitc.bmj.com/content/10/7/e004936.short
4100  - http://jitc.bmj.com/content/10/7/e004936.full
SO  - J Immunother Cancer2022 Jul 01; 10
AB  - Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as one of the most powerful anticancer therapies. However, the details on the interaction between tumors and the immune system are complicated and still poorly understood. Optical fluorescence imaging is a technique that allows for the visualization of fluorescence-labeled immune cells and monitoring of the immune response during immunotherapy. To this end, near-infrared (NIR) light has been adapted for optical fluorescence imaging because it is relatively safe and simple without hazardous ionizing radiation and has relatively deeper tissue penetration into living organisms than visible fluorescence light. In this review, we discuss state-of-the-art NIR optical imaging techniques in cancer immunotherapy to observe the dynamics, efficacy, and responses of the immune components in living organisms. The use of bioimaging labeling techniques will give us an understanding of how the immune system is primed and ultimately developed.