RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 A New VISTA on combination therapy for negative checkpoint regulator blockade
JF Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
JO J Immunother Cancer
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 86
DO 10.1186/s40425-016-0190-5
VO 4
IS 1
A1 Deng, Jie
A1 Le Mercier, Isabelle
A1 Kuta, Anna
A1 Noelle, Randolph J.
YR 2016
UL http://jitc.bmj.com/content/4/1/86.abstract
AB Negative checkpoint regulators function to restrain T cell responses to maintain tolerance and limit immunopathology. However, in the setting of malignancy, these pathways work in concert to promote immune-mediate escape leading to the development of a clinically overt cancer. In the recent years, clinical trials demonstrating the efficacy of blocking antibodies against these molecules have invigorated the field of immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the current understanding on established NCR blockade and how strategic combination therapy with anti-VISTA antibody can be used to target multiple non-redundant NCR pathways.Abbreviations:APCsAntigen presenting cellsCSF-1RColony stimulating factor 1 receptorCTLA-4Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Antigen 4FDAFood and Drug AdministrationGVHDGraft-versus-host diseaseHIVHuman immunodeficiency virusIDOIndoleamine 2,3-dioxygenaseITIMImmunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motifITSMImmunoreceptor tyrosine-based switch motifMDSCsMyeloid-derived suppressor cellsNCRNegative checkpoint regulatornTregsNatural regulatory T cellsPD-1Programmed cell death 1PD-L1Programmed cell death ligand 1PD-L2Programmed cell death ligand 2TCRT cell receptorTLRToll Like receptorTMETumor microenvironmentVISTAV-domain Ig Suppressor of T Cell ActivationWTWild type