RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Immune oncology, immune responsiveness and the theory of everything
JF Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer
JO J Immunother Cancer
FD BMJ Publishing Group Ltd
SP 50
DO 10.1186/s40425-018-0355-5
VO 6
IS 1
A1 Tolga Turan
A1 Deepti Kannan
A1 Maulik Patel
A1 J. Matthew Barnes
A1 Sonia G. Tanlimco
A1 Rongze Lu
A1 Kyle Halliwill
A1 Sarah Kongpachith
A1 Douglas E. Kline
A1 Wouter Hendrickx
A1 Alessandra Cesano
A1 Lisa H. Butterfield
A1 Howard L. Kaufman
A1 Thomas J. Hudson
A1 Davide Bedognetti
A1 Francesco Marincola
A1 Josue Samayoa
YR 2018
UL http://jitc.bmj.com/content/6/1/50.abstract
AB Anti-cancer immunotherapy is encountering its own checkpoint. Responses are dramatic and long lasting but occur in a subset of tumors and are largely dependent upon the pre-existing immune contexture of individual cancers. Available data suggest that three landscapes best define the cancer microenvironment: immune-active , immune-deserted and immune-excluded . This trichotomy is observable across most solid tumors (although the frequency of each landscape varies depending on tumor tissue of origin) and is associated with cancer prognosis and response to checkpoint inhibitor therapy (CIT). Various gene signatures (e.g. Immunological Constant of Rejection - ICR and Tumor Inflammation Signature - TIS) that delineate these landscapes have been described by different groups. In an effort to explain the mechanisms of cancer immune responsiveness or resistance to CIT, several models have been proposed that are loosely associated with the three landscapes. Here, we propose a strategy to integrate compelling data from various paradigms into a “Theory of Everything”. Founded upon this unified theory, we also propose the creation of a task force led by the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer ( SITC ) aimed at systematically addressing salient questions relevant to cancer immune responsiveness and immune evasion. This multidisciplinary effort will encompass aspects of genetics, tumor cell biology, and immunology that are pertinent to the understanding of this multifaceted problem.Abbreviations:CIResCompensatory Immune ResistanceDCDendritic CellGEMGenetically Modified Mouse ModelsGEOGene Expression OmnibusGSKGlycogen synthase kinaseICRImmunologic Constant of RejectionIDOIndoleamine 2,3-dioxygenaseMAPKMitogen-activated protein kinasePI3KPhosphoinositide3-kinase-gammaPIResPrimary Immune ResistancePTPN2Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2SGKSerum and glucocorticoid kinasesResSignatures of ResistanceSTATSignal transducer and activator of transcription 1TCGAThe Cancer Genome AtlasTCIAThe Cancer Immunome AtlasTOCTwo-Option ChoiceTOETheory of Everything