Patient characteristics
| Control ASCT (n=5) | IVTRD (n=4) | EVTRD (n=5) | |
| Age (years), median | 60.3 | 64.0 | 57.1 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 2 (40) | 3 (75) | 2 (40) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Caucasian | 4 (80) | 4 (100) | 1 (20) |
| Black | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 3 (60) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (20) |
| ISS stage, median | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 |
| 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| High-risk cytogenetics, n (%) | 2 (40) | 4 (100) | 1 (20)* |
| Induction therapy, n (%) | |||
| RVd | 3 (60) | 3 (75) | 5 (100) |
| KRd | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Rd | 1 (20) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Vd | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) |
| Induction cycles. median | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Best induction response, n (%) | |||
| PR | 3 (60) | 1 (25) | 3 (60) |
| VGPR | 1 (20) | 1 (25) | 1 (20) |
| CR | 0 (0) | 1 (25) | 0 (0) |
| sCR | 1 (20) | 1 (25) | 1 (20) |
| Stem cell dose (CD34+×106/kg), median (range) | 4.6 (2.4–6.5) | 2.9 (2.7–10.8) | 3.5 (2.0–5.2) |
*p<0.05 compared with the IVTRD arm.
ASCT, autologous stem cell transplant; CR, complete response; EVTRD, ex vivo regulatory T-cell depletion;ISS, International Staging System; IVTRD, in vivo regulatory T-cell depletion; KRd, carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone; PR, partial response; Rd, lenalidomide+dexamethasone; RVd, lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone; sCR, stringent complete response; Vd, bortezomib+dexamethasone; VGPR, very good partial response.