Studies Comparing Outcomes in Advanced Malignancy Patients on Treatment with Anti-Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) and Anti-Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) Antibodies
| Study | Disease | Number of Patients | Checkpoint Inhibitor(s) Used | Survival Endpoints Between Patients With and Without IRAES | Response Endpoints Between Patients With and Without IRAEs |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Grangeon et al. [18] | NSCLC | 270 | Anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 | OS (HR 0.29; 95% CI 0.18–0.46; p = .001), PFS (HR 0.42; 95% CI 0.32–0.57; p < .001) | ORR (22.9% vs 5.7%, p < .0001), DCR (76% vs 58%, p < .001) |
| Ricciuti et al. [34] | NSCLC | 195 | Nivolumab | OS (HR 0.33; 95% CI 0.23–0.47; p < .001), PFS (HR 0.41; 95% CI 0.3–0.57; p < .001) | ORR (43.5% vs 10%, p < .001), DCR (70.5% vs 18.1%, p < .0001) |
| Riudavets et al. [13] | NSCLC, UCC and melanoma | 178 | Nivolumab, pembrolizumab and atezolizumab | OS (37.3 vs 7.8 months, p < 0.0001), PFS (7.9 vs 2.6 months, p < 0.0001) | Not provided |
| Sato et al.a [19] | NSCLC | 38 | Nivolumab | PFS (HR 0.1; 95% CI .02–.37; p < .001) | ORR (63.6% vs 7.4%, p < .01) |
| Weber et al. [38] | Melanoma | 576 | Nivolumab | PFS (no significant differences between either group; HR or p value not provided) | ORR (48.6% vs 17.8%, p < .001) |
| Indini et al. [37] | Melanoma | 173 | Anti-PD-1 | OS (HR 0.39; 95% CI 0.18–0.81; p = .007), PFS (HR 0.47; 95% CI 0.26–0.86; p = .016) | ORR (HR 1.95; 95% CI 0.91–4.15; p < 0.082), DCR (HR 1.98; 95% CI 1.07–3.67; p < 0.029) |
| Elias et al. [17] | RCC | 90 | Anti-PD-1 | OS (HR 0.38; 95% CI 0.18–0.79; p = .01) and TTNT (HR 0.48; 95% CI 0.28–0.83; p = .008) | Not provided |
| Verzoni et al. [39] | RCC | 389 | Nivolumab | OS (HR .57; 95% CI .35–.93; p = .02) | Not provided |
| Maher et al. [20] | UCC | 1747 | Atezolizumab or pembrolizumab | OS (HR 0.53; 95% CI 0.43–0.66) | Not provided |
| Morales-Berera et al. [40] | UCC | 52 | Anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 | OS (21.91 vs 6.47 months, p = .004) | DCR (79% vs 36.3%, p = .002) |
| Das et al. [41] | GI | 61 | Anti-PD-1 monotherapy or in combination | OS (32.4 vs 8.5 months, p = .0036), PFS (32.4 vs 4.8 months, p = .0001) | Not provided |
| Masuda et al. [42] | Gastric | 65 | Nivolumab | OS (HR .17, p < .001), PFS (HR .11, p < .001) | Not provided |
| Foster et al. [43] | HNSCC | 114 | Anti PD-1 | OS (12.5 vs 6.8 months, p = .0007), PFS (6.9 vs 2.1 months, p = .0004) | ORR (30.6% vs 12.3%, p = .02) |
Abbreviations: NSCLC non-small cell lung cancer, UCC urothelial cell carcinoma, RCC renal cell carcinoma, GI gastrointestinal, HNSCC head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, IRAEs immune related adverse events, OS overall survival, PFS progression-free survival, ORR overall response rate, DCR disease control rate, HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, TTNT time to next treatment, vs versus
aProspective study