Clinical characteristics of the six patients without pre-emptive nucleot(s)ide treatment
| Patient no | Age (years) | Sex | Baseline HBsAg (IU/mL) | Baseline HBV DNA (IU/mL) | Baseline AFP (ng/mL) | ICI ±TKI therapy | FU HBsAg (IU/mL) | FU HBV DNA (IU/mL) | FU AFP at BR (ng/mL) | Peak ALT (U/L) | Peak t.bili (mg/dL) | Rescue NUCs | Death caused by HBV | Best Tumor response to ICI |
| N1 | 40.9 | M | 26.4 | 35 900 | 2719.2 | Nivolumab | 2.01 | 1280 | 2799.9 | 85 | 0.63 | – | None | PD |
| N2 | 66.5 | F | 27.8 | 252 | 1859.3 | Nivolumab | 58.2 | 26 | 4974.5 | 202 | 5.23 | – | None | PD |
| N3 | 49.2 | M | 559.8 | 8960 | 1148415.8 | Nivolumab | Missing | 168 000 | 544 176.1 | 174 | 19.75 | TDF | None | PD |
| N4 | 40.1 | F | 1856.77 | 777 | 1076.2 | Nivolumab Lenvatinib | Missing | 70 | 179.2 | 46 | 0.52 | – | None | CR |
| N5 | 63.9 | M | 557.88 | <20 | 3445.2 | Nivolumab Regorafenib | Missing | <20 | 8905.3 | 37 | 2.77 | – | None | PD |
| N6 | 64.1 | M | 0 | 392 | 129 258.1 | Nivolumab | Missing | Missing | 76 472.3 | 26 | 9.49 | – | None | PD |
AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; BR, best response; F, female; HBsAg, HBV surface antigen; HBV, hepatitis B virus; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; M, male; NUCs, nucleos(t)ide analogs; T.bili, total bilirubin; TDF, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor.