Relationship between galectin-9 (Gal-9) and clinical factors
| Variables | Gal-9 expression on tumor cells | Gal-9 expression on TILs | ||||
| Negative | Positive | P value | Negative | Positive | P value | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 12 (66.7%) | 6 (33.3%) | 0.843 | 15 (83.3%) | 3 (16.7%) | 0.259 |
| Male | 58 (69.0%) | 26 (31.0%) | 59 (70.2%) | 25 (29.8%) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| <70 | 57 (72.2%) | 22 (27.8%) | 0.155 | 56 (70.9%) | 23 (29.1%) | 0.486 |
| ≥70 | 13 (56.5%) | 10 (43.5%) | 18 (78.3%) | 5 (21.7%) | ||
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Non-smoker | 38 (65.5%) | 20 (34.5%) | 0.437 | 44 (75.9%) | 14 (24.1%) | 0.389 |
| Smoker | 32 (72.7%) | 12 (27.3%) | 30 (68.2%) | 14 (31.8%) | ||
| Metastasis | ||||||
| Negative | 68 (69.4%) | 30 (30.6%) | 0.588 | 71 (72.4%) | 27 (27.6%) | 1.000 |
| Positive | 2 (50.0%) | 2 (50.0%) | 3 (75.0%) | 1 (25.0%) | ||
| SCLC staging | ||||||
| Stage I–II | 41 (68.3%) | 19 (31.7%) | 0.939 | 41 (68.3%) | 19 (31.7%) | 0.254 |
| Stage III | 29 (69.0%) | 13 (31.0%) | 33 (78.6%) | 9 (21.4%) | ||
SCLC, small cell lung cancer; TILs, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.