Key clinical characteristics of patients with hepatobiliary cancer (n=187)
| Variable | ICI cohort 1 (n=43) | ICI cohort 2 (n=108) | Non-ICI cohort (n=36) |
| Median age (range) | 61(27–82) | 59.5 (18–80) | 61.5 (34–84) |
| Sex—no. (%) | |||
| Male | 30 (69.8) | 68 (63.0) | 26 (72.2) |
| Female | 13 (30.2) | 40 (37.0) | 10 (27.8) |
| Histological type—no. (%) | |||
| HCC | 12 (27.9) | 44 (40.7) | 11 (30.6) |
| ICC | 19 (44.2) | 39 (36.1) | 11 (30.6) |
| ECC | 4 (9.3) | 16 (14.8) | 7 (19.4) |
| GBC | 5 (11.6) | 8 (7.4) | 6 (16.7) |
| CHCC | 3 (7.0) | 1 (0.9) | 1 (2.8) |
| ECOG PS—no. (%) | |||
| 0 | 25 (58.1) | 40 (37.0) | 12 (33.3) |
| 1 | 12 (27.9) | 60 (55.6) | 18 (50) |
| 2 | 6 (14.1) | 8 (7.4) | 6 (16.7) |
| Child-Pugh grade—no. (%) | |||
| A | 38 (88.4) | 95 (88.0) | 29 (80.6) |
| B | 5 (11.6) | 11 (10.2) | 5 (13.9) |
| C | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.9) | 2 (5.6) |
| Tumor burden score—no. (%) | |||
| ≥8 | 15 (34.9) | 42 (38.9) | 10 (27.8) |
| <8 | 28 (65.1) | 66 (61.1) | 26 (72.2) |
| Number of prior systemic therapies for advanced metastatic disease—no. (%) | |||
| 0 | 28 (65.1) | 44 (40.7) | 24 (66.7) |
| 1 | 12 (27.9) | 39 (36.1) | 4 (11.1) |
| 2 and more | 3 (7.0) | 25 (23.1) | 8 (22.2) |
| Current therapy—no. (%) | |||
| De novo combination PD-1 inhibitor with lenvatinib | 43 (100) | 32 (29.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Lenvatinib sequential PD-1 combination therapy | 0 (0.0) | 27 (25.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| PD-1 inhibitor+other target therapy | 0 (0.0) | 49 (45.4)* | 0 (0.0) |
| Target therapy monotherapy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 26 (72.2)† |
| Others | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 10 (27.8) |
| Follow-up—(IQR) month | 7.87 (5.8–11.3) | 11.05 (6.68–14.83) | 5.83 (3.44–8.26) |
*Consists of apatinib (n=23), bevacizumab (n=5) and anlotinib (n=2), regorafenib (n=2), cabozantinib (n=2) and others.
†Lenvatinib (n=16), afatinib (n=2), olaparib (n=2) and others.
CHCC, combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma; ECC, extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; GBC, gallbladder cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; ICC, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; PD-1, programmed cell death protein 1; PS, performance status.