CAR-M target | Macrophage source/type | Tested cancer models (cell lines) | In vivo model | Study findings | Reference | |
In vitro | In vivo | |||||
CD19 HER2 Mesothelin | Human monocytic cell line (THP-1) Human primary macrophages (CD14+ peripheral blood) | SKOV3 (ovarian cancer) HTB-20 (breast cancer) CRL-2351 (breast cancer) | NOD/SCID mice bearing SKOV3 | Antigen-specific phagocytosis and tumor clearance | Decreased tumor burden and prolonged overall survival | 24 |
CD19 CD22 | Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM,C57BL/6J) Murine macrophages (J774A.1) | Raji B cells | – | Reduced cancer cell number by 40% | – | 23 |
HER2 | Murine macrophages (Raw264.7 cells) | 4T1 (breast cancer) | BALB /C mice bearing 4T1 | No effect on cancer growth | Significant inhibition of tumor growth | 74 |
HER2 | Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages | CT-26 (Murine colon carcinoma) AU-565 human breast cancer cells | BALB /C mice engrafted with CT26-HER2+alone/ with CT-26 wild type | Dose-dependent eradication of AU-565 and CT-26 Cancer cells | Single tumor model: tumor regression Dual model: Abscopal effect Epitope spreading | 73 |
CCR7 | Murine macrophages (Raw264.7 cells) | 4T1 (breast cancer) | BALB /C mice bearing 4T1 | Suppressed tumor growth. Prolonged survival | 75 | |
CD19 Mesothelin | Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived, CAR-expressing macrophage cells (CAR-iMac) | K562 (chronic myeloid leukemia) OVCAR3 (ovarian cancer) ASPC1 (pancreatic cancer) | NSG mice bearing ovarian cancer (HO8910) | Antigen-dependent phagocytosis; anticancer cell functions | Tumor burden reduction | 76 |
CAR-Ms, CAR macrophages.