Subgroup and sensitivity analyses
| TB events in non-exposure group, (n) | TB events in ICI exposure group, (n) | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Subgroup analyses* | ||||
| Age | 0.98† | |||
| <50 | 37 | 1 | 0.62 (0.09 to 4.55) | 0.64 |
| ≥50 | 859 | 19 | 0.69 (0.44 to 1.09) | 0.11 |
| Sex | 0.56† | |||
| Male | 676 | 16 | 0.71 (0.43 to 1.16) | 0.17 |
| Female | 220 | 4 | 0.89 (0.33 to 2.42) | 0.83 |
| Cancer subtype | 0.98† | |||
| NSCLC | 752 | 19 | 0.76 (0.48 to 1.19) | 0.23 |
| Urothelial carcinoma | 135 | 0 | 0.93 (0.06 to 15.15) | 0.96 |
| Melanoma | 9 | 1 | 0.84 (0.14 to 5.15) | 0.85 |
| Sensitivity analyses* | ||||
| Defining TB by ICD-10 codes only | 1765 | 44 | 0.83 (0.61 to 1.12) | 0.21 |
| Excluding TB cases within 30days following cancer diagnosis | 637 | 15 | 0.89 (0.53 to 1.50) | 0.67 |
*All subgroup and sensitivity analyses were adjusted for age, sex, health insurance type, type of cancer, diabetes, hypertension, chronic lung disease, chronic kidney disease, chronic liver disease, rheumatic disease, active chemotherapy, concomitant immunosuppressant use, concomitant use of corticosteroid, and history of treatment for latent TB infection.
†P value for interaction.
ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases code version 10; ICI, immune checkpoint inhibitor; ; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; PS, propensity matching; TB, tuberculosis.