Multivariate Cox regression analysis for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) on first-line systemic therapy in melanoma patients with brain metastasis
| Parameters included | PFS HR (95% CI) P value | OS HR (95% CI) P value |
| Gender (reference: male) | ||
| Male versus female | 0.993 (0.627 to 1.572) 0.975 | 0.978 (0.554 to 1.724) 0.938 |
| Age (reference: ≤65 years) | ||
| ≤65 versus >65 years | 0.945 (0.569 to 1.569) 0.828 | 1.802 (1.016 to 3.197) 0.044 |
| BRAF status (reference: wildtype) | ||
| Wildtype versus BRAFV600E/K | 0.756 (0.420 to 1.360) 0.350 | 0.839 (0.406 to 1.734) 0.636 |
| ECOG-PS (reference: 0) | ||
| 0 versus 1 0 versus ≥2 | 0.899 (0.518 to 1.563) 0.707 1.446 (0.594 to 3.521) 0.416 | 1.404 (0.753 to 2.617) 0.286 2.615 (1.024 to 6.676) 0.044 |
| Serum LDH (reference: normal) | ||
| Normal versus elevated | 1.415 (0.863 to 2.321) 0.168 | 1.291 (0.711 to 2.342) 0.401 |
| Number of brain metastases (reference: 1) | ||
| 1 versus 2–4 1 versus ≥5 | 1.361 (0.738 to 2.509) 0.324 1.000 (0.559 to 1.786) 0.999 | 1.208 (0.557 to 2.620) 0.633 0.940 (0.445 to 1.983) 0.870 |
| Maximal size of brain metastases (reference: ≤1 cm) | ||
| ≤1 cm versus >1 cm | 0.837 (0.531 to 1.319) 0.443 | 1.977 (1.117 to 3.500) 0.019 |
| Dexamethasone intake at therapy start (reference: no) | ||
| No versus yes | 0.903 (0.470 to 1.737) 0.760 | 1.159 (0.547 to 2.457) 0.700 |
| Number of affected extracranial organ sites (reference: 0) | ||
| 0 versus 1–2 0 versus ≥3 | 0.968 (0.509 to 1.837) 0.920 0.944 (0.487 to 1.837) 0.865 | 0.834 (0.385 to 1.844) 0.669 0.839 (0.406 to 1.734) 0.636 |
| Radiotherapy (reference: none) | ||
| None versus stereotactic None versus conventional | 0.647 (0.334 to 1.251) 0.195 1.033 (0.551 to 1.936) 0.920 | 0.213 (0.094 to 0.485)<0.001 0.424 (0.210 to 0.855) 0.016 |
| Surgery of brain metastases (reference: no) | ||
| No versus yes | 0.794 (0.429 to 1.471) 0.463 | 2.117 (0.947 to 4.731) 0.068 |
| Type of systemic therapy (reference: BRAF+MEK besides*) | ||
| BRAF+MEK versus CTLA-4+PD-1 BRAF+MEK versus PD-1 CTLA-4+PD-1 versus PD-1* | 1.259 (0.606 to 2.615) 0.537 1.290 (0.587 to 2.831) 0.526 1.024 (0.607 to 1.728) 0.928 | 0.995 (0.433 to 2.290) 0.991 0.536 (0.221 to 1.300) 0.168 0.538 (0.273 to 1.063) 0.074 |
P<0.05 was considered significant. Significant values in bold letters.
*Reference: CTLA-4+PD-1.