Clinicopathologic characteristics of NB patients in the discovery and validation sets stratified by the ICS
| Characteristics | All (%) | Discovery set (n=212) | Validation set (n=272) | ||||
| High risk | Low risk | P value | High risk | Low risk | P value | ||
| Total population | 484 (100) | 89 (42.0) | 123 (58.0) | 93 (34.2) | 179 (65.8) | ||
| Age (months) | 0.084 | 0.029 | |||||
| <18 | 228 (100) | 30 (34.9) | 56 (65.1) | 40 (28.2) | 102 (71.8) | ||
| >18 | 256 (100) | 59 (46.8) | 67 (53.2) | 53 (40.8) | 77 (59.2) | ||
| MYCN status | 0.047 | 0.001 | |||||
| Amplified | 89 (100) | 20 (57.1) | 15 (42.9) | 29 (53.7) | 25 (46.3) | ||
| Non-amplified | 395 (100) | 69 (39.0) | 108 (62.0) | 64 (29.4) | 154 (70.6) | ||
| INSS* | 0.012 | 0.198 | |||||
| Early | 173 (100) | 19 (29.2) | 46 (70.8) | 32 (29.6) | 76 (70.3) | ||
| Advanced | 331 (100) | 70 (47.6) | 77 (52.4) | 61 (37.2) | 103 (62.8) | ||
| Sex | 0.362 | ||||||
| Female | 30 (38.0) | 49 (62.0) | |||||
| Male | 59 (44.4) | 74 (55.6) | |||||
| Tissue sample origins | 0.850 | ||||||
| Primary | 81 (42.2) | 111 (57.8) | |||||
| Metastatic | 8 (40.0) | 12 (60.0) | |||||
| Preoperative chemotherapy | 0.022 | ||||||
| With | 38 (52.8) | 34 (47.2) | |||||
| Without | 51 (36.4) | 89 (63.6) | |||||
| COG | 0.085 | ||||||
| High risk | 37 (34.6) | 70 (65.4) | |||||
| Non-high risk | 25 (23.8) | 80 (76.2) | |||||
| Grade | 0.498 | ||||||
| Undifferentiated or poorly differentiated | 37 (26.8) | 101 (73.2) | |||||
| Differentiated | 24 (33.3) | 48 (66.7) | |||||
| NA | 1 | 1 | |||||
| MKI | 0.238 | ||||||
| High | 6 (18.2) | 27 (81.8) | |||||
| Intermediate | 11 (39.3) | 17 (60.7) | |||||
| Low | 40 (28.8) | 99 (71.2) | |||||
| NA | 5 | 7 | |||||
*Early indicates INSS stage 1, 2, and 4s ; Advanced indicates INSS stage 3 and 4.
COG, Children’s Oncology Group; ICS, immune checkpoint-based signature; INSS, the International Neuroblastoma Staging System; MKI, Mitosis-Karyorrhexis Index; NA, not available; NB, neuroblastoma.