No. (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic | Diarrhea treated with immunosuppressants, n = 79 | Diarrhea without treatment, n = 38 | No diarrhea, n = 210 | P |
Mean age (years, SD) | 59.8 (15) | 62.2 (12) | 59.2 (14) | 0.480 |
Male sex | 53 (67) | 25 (66) | 133 (63) | 0.825 |
Race | < 0.001 | |||
White | 75 (95) | 32 (84) | 154 (73) | |
Other | 4 (5) | 6 (16) | 56 (27) | |
Comorbidities present | 24 (30) | 9 (24) | 62 (30) | 0.733 |
Underlying autoimmune disorder | 4 (5) | 1 (3) | 13 (6) | 0.663 |
History of smoking | 36 (46) | 20 (53) | 107 (51) | 0.671 |
History of use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents | 38 (48) | 15 (39) | 80 (38) | 0.300 |
ECOG performance status | 0.070 | |||
0–2 | 78 (99) | 38 (100) | 197 (94) | |
3–4 | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 13 (6) | |
Malignancy type | < 0.001 | |||
Melanoma | 55 (70) | 9 (24) | 56 (27) | |
Solid tumor | 23 (29) | 14 (37) | 111 (53) | |
Hematologic | 1 (1) | 15 (39) | 43 (20) | |
Cancer Stagea | < 0.001 | |||
Stage III | 16 (21) | 2 (9) | 7 (4) | |
Stage IV | 61 (79) | 21 (91) | 149 (96) | |
Colitis grade 2–3 | 49 (62) | – | – | – |
Checkpoint inhibitor type | < 0.001 | |||
Ipilimumab | 48 (61) | 23 (61) | 67 (32) | |
Nivolumab | 5 (6) | 8 (21) | 87 (41) | |
Pembrolizumab | 13 (16) | 6 (16) | 50 (24) | |
Combinationb | 12 (15) | 1 (3) | 6 (3) | |
Atezolizumab | 1 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Abbreviations: ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; SD, standard deviation
aThe American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system was used. Stage was known in 77 patients in the immunosuppressant group, 23 in the untreated diarrhea group, and 156 in the no diarrhea group
bCombination therapy consisted of ipilimumab + nivolumab