Clinical features of patients who received anaerobic and aerobic antibiotic therapy (No. of patients who received antibiotic = 569)
| Feature | Anaerobic (n = 288) | Aerobic (n = 281) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
| Indication for antibiotic, n (%) | < 0.001 | ||
| Upper respiratory infection | 12 (4.2) | 9 (3.2) | |
| Lower respiratory infection | 22 (7.6) | 16 (5.7) | |
| Gastrointestinal infection | 37 (12.8) | 31 (11.0) | |
| Urinary tract infection | 21 (7.3) | 41 (14.6) | |
| Skin/Soft tissue infection | 20 (6.9) | 23 (8.2) | |
| Sepsis and bacteremia | 7 (2.4) | 4 (1.4) | |
| Fever of unknown origin/empirical coverage | 101 (35.1) | 65 (23.1) | |
| Prophylaxis | 25 (8.7) | 65 (23.1) | |
| Multiple infections | 40 (13.9) | 14 (5.0) | |
| Not recorded | 3 (1.0) | 13 (4.6) | |
| IMDC, n (%) | 145 (50.3) | 122 (43.4) | 0.093 |
| Immunosuppressive therapy for IMDC, n (%) | 102 (35.4) | 71 (25.3) | 0.030 |
| Median time to IMDC onset, weeks (IQR) | 8 (4–15) | 7 (4–13) | 0.075 |
| Median duration of IMDC symptoms, days (IQR) | 9 (4–19) | 10 (4–20) | 0.118 |
| Hospitalization, n (%) | 106 (73.1) | 62 (50.8) | < 0.001 |
| Median duration of hospitalization, days (IQR) | 6 (3–10) | 6 (3–10) | 0.111 |
| ICU admission, n (%) | 10 (6.9) | 0 | 0.002 |
| Grade of colitis, n (%) | 0.004 | ||
| 1 | 16 (13.2) | 26 (31.7) | |
| 2 | 59 (48.8) | 31 (37.8) | |
| 3 | 40 (33.1) | 25 (30.5) | |
| 4 | 6 (5.0) | 0 | |
| Grade of diarrhea, n (%) | 0.087 | ||
| 1 | 38 (26.2) | 39 (32.0) | |
| 2 | 33 (22.8) | 36 (29.5) | |
| 3 | 60 (41.4) | 43 (35.2) | |
| 4 | 14 (9.7) | 4 (3.3) | |
| Mean calprotectin level (SD) | 352 (348) | 181 (137) | 0.083 |
| Median duration of steroid administration, days (IQR) | 37 (20–61) | 45 (27–70) | 0.355 |
| Intravenous steroid administration, n (%) | 61 (63.5) | 38 (55.1) | 0.334 |
| Infliximab/vedolizumab administration, n (%) | 28 (19.3) | 24 (19.7) | 1.000 |
| Recurrence of IMDC, n (%) | 25 (17.2) | 17 (13.9) | 0.503 |
| Colon perforation, n (%) | 4 (2.8) | 0 | 0.128 |