Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Gangliosides as Regulators of Cell Membrane Organization and Functions

  • Chapter
Sphingolipids as Signaling and Regulatory Molecules

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 688))

Abstract

Gangliosides, characteristic complex lipids present in the external layer of plasma membranes, deeply influence the organization of the membrane as a whole and the function of specific membrane associated proteins due to lipid-lipid and lipid-protein lateral interaction. Here we discuss the basis for the membrane-organizing potential of gangliosides, examples of ganglioside-regulated membrane protein complexes and the mechanisms for the regulation of ganglioside membrane composition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Karlsson KA. On the chemistry and occurrence of sphingolipid long-chain bases. Chem Phys Lipids 1970; 5(1):6–43.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Schauer R. Chemistry, metabolism and biological functions of sialic acids. Adv Carbohydr Chem Biochem 1982; 40:131–234.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Yu RK, Ledeen RW. Gangliosides of human, bovine and rabbit plasma. J Lipid Res 1972; 13(5):680–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kamerling JP, Vliegenthart JF. Identification of O-cetylated N-acylneuraminic acids by mass spectrometry. Carbohydr Res 1975; 41:7–17.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Ghidoni R, Sonnino S, Tettamanti G et al. Isolation and characterization of a trisialoganglioside from mouse brain, containing 9-O-acetyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid. J Biol Chem 1980; 255(14):6990–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Sonnino S, Ghidoni R, Chigorno V et al. Chemistry of gangliosides carrying o-acetylated sialic acid. Adv Exp Med Biol 1982; 152:55–69.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. IUPAC-IUBMB JCoBN. Nomenclature of glycolipids. Carbohydr Res 1998; 312:167–175.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Feizi T. Demonstration by monoclonal antibodies that carbohydrate structures of glycoproteins and glycolipids are onco-developmental antigens. Nature 1985; 314(6006):53–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Caputto R, Maccioni AH, Caputto BL. Activation of deoxycholate solubilized adenosine triphosphatase by ganglioside and asialoganglioside preparations. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1977; 74(3):1046–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Partington CR, Daly JW. Effect of gangliosides on adenylate cyclase activity in rat cerebral cortical membranes. Mol Pharmacol 1979; 15(3):484–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Davis CW, Daly JW. Activation of rat cerebral cortical 3′,5′-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase activity by gangliosides. Mol Pharmacol 1980; 17(2):206–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Leon A, Facci L, Toffano G et al. Activation of (Na+, K+)-ATPase by nanomolar concentrations of GM1 ganglioside. J Neurochem 1981; 37(2):350–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Bremer EG, Hakomori S, Bowen-Pope DF et al. Ganglioside-mediated modulation of cell growth, growth factor binding and receptor phosphorylation. J Biol Chem 1984; 259(11):6818–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Goldenring JR, Otis LC, Yu RK et al. Calcium/ganglioside-dependent protein kinase activity in rat brain membrane. J Neurochem 1985; 44(4):1229–34.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Kim JY, Goldenring JR, DeLorenzo RJ et al. Gangliosides inhibit phospholipid-sensitive Ca2+-dependent kinase phosphorylation of rat myelin basic proteins. J Neurosci Res 1986; 15(2):159–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Kreutter D, Kim JY, Goldenring JR et al. Regulation of protein kinase C activity by gangliosides. J Biol Chem 1987; 262(4):1633–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Chan KF. Ganglioside-modulated protein phosphorylation. Partial purification and characterization of a ganglioside-inhibited protein kinase in brain. J Biol Chem 1988; 263(1):568–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Chan KF. Ganglioside-modulated protein phosphorylation in muscle. Activation of phosphorylase b kinase by gangliosides. J Biol Chem 1989; 264(31):18632–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Yates AJ, Walters JD, Wood CL et al. Ganglioside modulation of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase in vitro. J Neurochem 1989; 53(1):162–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Yates AJ, Rampersaud A. Sphingolipids as receptor modulators. An overview. Ann NY Acad Sci 1998; 845:57–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bassi R, Chigorno V, Fiorilli A et al. Exogenous gangliosides GD1b and GD1b-lactone, stably associated to rat brain P2 subcellular fraction, modulate differently the process of protein phosphorylation. J Neurochem 1991; 57(4):1207–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Rybak S, Ginzburg I, Yavin E. Gangliosides stimulate neurite outgrowth and induce tubulin mRNA accumulation in neural cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1983; 116(3):974–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Morgan JI, Seifert W. Growth factors and gangliosides: a possible new perspective in neuronal growth control. J Supramol Struct 1979; 10(2):111–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Roisen FJ, Bartfeld H, Nagele R et al. Ganglioside stimulation of axonal sprouting in vitro. Science 1981; 214(4520):577–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Tsuji S, Arita M, Nagai Y. GQ1b, a bioactive ganglioside that exhibits novel nerve growth factor (NGF)-like activities in the two neuroblastoma cell lines. J Biochem (Tokyo) 1983; 94(1):303–6.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Facci L, Leon A, Toffano G et al. Promotion of neuritogenesis in mouse neuroblastoma cells by exogenous gangliosides. Relationship between the effect and the cell association of ganglioside GM1. J Neurochem 1984; 42(2):299–305.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Glebov OO, Nichols BJ. Distribution of lipid raft markers in live cells. Biochem Soc Trans 2004; 32(Pt 5):673–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Glebov OO, Nichols BJ. Lipid raft proteins have a random distribution during localized activation of the T-cell receptor. Nat Cell Biol 2004; 6(3):238–43.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Lin J, Shaw AS. Getting downstream without a Raft. Cell 2005; 121(6):815–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Sonnino S, Mauri L, Chigorno V et al. Gangliosides as components of lipid membrane domains. Glycobiology 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Lajoie P, Partridge EA, Guay G et al. Plasma membrane domain organization regulates EGFR signaling in tumor cells. J Cell Biol 2007; 179(2):341–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Guirland C, Zheng JQ. Membrane lipid rafts and their role in axon guidance. Adv Exp Med Biol 2007; 621:144–55.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Benarroch EE. Lipid rafts, protein scaffolds and neurologic disease. Neurology 2007; 69(16):1635–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Hanzal-Bayer MF, Hancock JF. Lipid rafts and membrane traffic. FEBS Lett 2007; 581(11):2098–104.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Riethmuller J, Riehle A, Grassme H et al. Membrane rafts in host-pathogen interactions. Biochim Biophys Acta 2006; 1758(12):2139–47.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Debruin LS, Harauz G. White matter rafting—membrane microdomains in myelin. Neurochem Res 2007; 32(2):213–28.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Delacour D, Jacob R. Apical protein transport. Cell Mol Life Sci 2006; 63(21):2491–505.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Taylor DR, Hooper NM. The prion protein and lipid rafts. Mol Membr Biol 2006; 23(1):89–99.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Manes S, Viola A. Lipid rafts in lymphocyte activation and migration. Mol Membr Biol 2006; 23(1):59–69.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Brown DA, London E. Structure and function of sphingolipid-and cholesterol-rich membrane rafts. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(23):17221–4.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Sonnino S, Prinetti A, Mauri L et al. Dynamic and structural properties of sphingolipids as driving forces for the formation of membrane domains. Chem Rev 2006; 106(6):2111–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Rock P, Allietta M, Young WW Jr. et al. Ganglioside GM1 and asialo-GM1 at low concentration are preferentially incorporated into the gel phase in two-component, two-phase phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Biochemistry 1991; 30(1):19–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Grant CW, Wu SH, McConnell HM. Lateral phase separations in binary lipid mixtures: correlation between spin label and freeze-fracture electron microscopic studies. Biochim Biophys Acta 1974; 363(2):151–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Knoll W, Schmidt G, Rotzer H et al. Lateral order in binary lipid alloys and its coupling to membrane functions. Chem Phys Lipids 1991; 57(2–3):363–74.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Cantu L, Corti M, Sonnino S et al. Evidence for spontaneous segregation phenomena in mixed micelles of gangliosides. Chem Phys Lipids 1990; 55(3):223–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Cantù L, Corti M, Casellato R et al. Aggregation properties of GD1b, II3Neu5Ac2GgOse4Cer and of GD1b-lactone, II3(alpha-Neu5Ac-(2——8, 1——9)-alpha-Neu5Ac)GgOse4Cer, in aqueous solution. Chem Phys Lipids 1991; 60:111–118.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Sharom FJ, Grant CW. A model for ganglioside behaviour in cell membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1978; 507(2):280–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Bertoli E, Masserini M, Sonnino S et al. Electron paramagnetic resonance studies on the fluidity and surface dynamics of egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles containing gangliosides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1981; 647(2):196–202.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Rock P, Allietta M, Young WWJ et al. Ganglioside GM1 and asialo-GM1 at low concentration are preferentially incorporated into the gel phase in two-component, two-phase phosphatidylcholine bilayers. Biochemistry 1990; 29:8484–8490.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Goins B, Masserini M, Barisas BG et al. Lateral diffusion of ganglioside GM1 in phospholipid bilayer membranes. Biophys J 1986; 49(4):849–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Masserini M, Palestini P, Venerando B et al. Interactions of proteins with ganglioside-enriched microdomains on the membrane: the lateral phase separation of molecular species of GD1a ganglioside, having homogeneous long-chain base composition, is recognized by Vibrio cholerae sialidase. Biochemistry 1988; 27(20):7973–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Masserini M, Palestini P, Freire E. Influence of glycolipid oligosaccharide and long-chain base composition on the thermotropic properties of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine large unilamellar vesicles containing gangliosides. Biochemistry 1989; 28(12):5029–34.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Terzaghi A, Tettamanti G, Masserini M. Interaction of glycosphingolipids and glycoproteins: thermotropic properties of model membranes containing GM1 ganglioside and glycophorin. Biochemistry 1993; 32(37):9722–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Palestini P, Allietta M, Sonnino S et al. Gel phase preference of ganglioside GM1 at low concentration in two-component, two-phase phosphatidylcholine bilayers depends upon the ceramide moiety. Biochim Biophys Acta 1995; 1235(2):221–30.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Palestini P, Masserini M, Tettamanti G. Exposure to galactose oxidase of GM1 ganglioside molecular species embedded into phospholipid vesicles. FEBS Lett 1994; 350(2–3):219–22.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Ferraretto A, Pitto M, Palestini P et al. Lipid domains in the membrane: thermotropic properties of sphingomyelin vesicles containing GM1 ganglioside and cholesterol. Biochemistry 1997; 36(30):9232–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Dietrich C, Volovyk ZN, Levi M et al. Partitioning of Thy-1, GM1 and cross-linked phospholipid analogs into lipid rafts reconstituted in supported model membrane monolayers. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(19):10642–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Pascher I. Molecular arrangements in sphingolipids. Conformation and hydrogen bonding of ceramide and their implication on membrane stability and permeability. Biochim Biophys Acta 1976; 455(2):433–51.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Sonnino S, Cantu L, Corti M et al. Aggregative properties of gangliosides in solution. Chem Phys Lipids 1994; 71(1):21–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Acquotti D, Poppe L, Dabrowski J et al. Three-dimensional structure of the oligosaccaride chain of GM1 ganglioside revealed by a distance-mapping procedure: A rotating and laboratory frame nuclear overhauser enhancement investigation of native glycolipid in dimethyl sulfoxide and in water-dodecylphosphocholine solutions. J Am Chem Soc 1990; 112:7772–7778.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Brocca P, Cantu L, Sonnino S. Aggregation properties of semisynthetic GD1a ganglioside (IV3Neu5AcII3Neu5AcGgOse4Cer) containing an acetyl group as acyl moiety. Chem Phys Lipids 1995; 77(1):41–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Sonnino S, Cantu L, Corti M et al. Aggregation properties of semisynthetic GM1 ganglioside (II3Neu5AcGgOse4Cer) containing an acetyl group as acyl moiety. Chem Phys Lipids 1990; 56(1):49–57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  63. Sonnino S, Cantu L, Acquotti D et al. Aggregation properties of GM3 ganglioside (II3Neu5AcLacCer) in aqueous solutions. Chem Phys Lipids 1990; 52(3–4):231–41.

    Google Scholar 

  64. Poppe L, van Halbeek H, Acquotti D et al. Carbohydrate dynamics at a micellar surface: GD1a headgroup transformations revealed by NMR spectroscopy. Biophys J 1994; 66(5):1642–52.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  65. Brocca P, Berthault P, Sonnino S. Conformation of the oligosaccharide chain of G(M1) ganglioside in a carbohydrate-enriched surface. Biophys J 1998; 74(1):309–18.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  66. Siebert HC, Reuter G, Schauer R et al. Solution conformations of GM3 gangliosides containing different sialic acid residues as revealed by NOE-based distance mapping, molecular mechanics and molecular dynamics calculations. Biochemistry 1992; 31(30):6962–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Brocca P, Acquotti D, Sonnino S. Nuclear Overhauser effect investigation on GM1 ganglioside containing N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid (II3Neu5GcGgOse4Cer). Glycoconj J 1996; 13(1):57–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. Scarsdale JN, Prestegard JH, Yu RK. NMR and computational studies of interactions between remote residues in gangliosides. Biochemistry 1990; 29(42):9843–55.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. Levery SB. 1H-NMR study of GM2 ganglioside: evidence that an interresidue amide-carboxyl hydrogen bond contributes to stabilization of a preferred conformation. Glycoconj J 1991; 8(6):484–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Acquotti D, Fronza G, Ragg E et al. Three dimensional structure of GD1b and GD1b-monolactone gangliosides in dimethylsulphoxide: a nuclear Overhauser effect investigation supported by molecular dynamics calculations. Chem Phys Lipids 1991; 59(2):107–25.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Acquotti D, Cantu L, Ragg E et al. Geometrical and conformational properties of ganglioside GalNAc-GD1a, IV4GalNAcIV3Neu5AcII3Neu5AcGgOse4Cer. Eur J Biochem 1994; 225(1):271–88.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  72. Prinetti A, Chigorno V, Prioni S et al. Changes in the lipid turnover, composition and organization, as sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains, in rat cerebellar granule cells developing in vitro. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(24):21136–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  73. Simons K, Ikonen E. Functional rafts in cell membranes. Nature 1997; 387(6633):569–72.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Brown DA, Rose JK. Sorting of GPI-anchored proteins to glycolipid-enriched membrane subdomains during transport to the apical cell surface. Cell 1992; 68(3):533–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  75. Marchesi VT, Andrews EP. Glycoproteins: isolation from cellmembranes with lithium diiodosalicylate. Science 1971; 174(15):1247–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  76. Chigorno V, Palestini P, Sciannamblo M et al. Evidence that ganglioside enriched domains are distinct from caveolae in MDCK II and human fibroblast cells in culture. Eur J Biochem 2000; 267(13):4187–97.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Sargiacomo M, Sudol M, Tang Z et al. Signal transducing molecules and glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-linked proteins form a caveolin-rich insoluble complex in MDCK cells. J Cell Biol 1993; 122(4):789–807.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Zurzolo C, van’t Hof W, van Meer G et al. VIP21/caveolin, glycosphingolipid clusters and the sorting of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins in epithelial cells. Embo J 1994; 13(1):42–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Sorice M, Parolini I, Sansolini T et al. Evidence for the existence of ganglioside-enriched plasma membrane domains in human peripheral lymphocytes. J Lipid Res 1997; 38(5):969–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  80. Fra AM, Williamson E, Simons K et al. Detergent-insoluble glycolipid microdomains in lymphocytes in the absence of caveolae. J Biol Chem 1994; 269(49):30745–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Iwabuchi K, Nagaoka I. Lactosylceramide-enriched glycosphingolipid signaling domain mediates superoxide generation from human neutrophils. Blood 2002; 100(4):1454–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Waheed AA, Shimada Y, Heijnen HF et al. Selective binding of perfringolysin O derivative to cholesterol-rich membrane microdomains (rafts). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001; 98(9):4926–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  83. Samuel BU, Mohandas N, Harrison T et al. The role of cholesterol and glycosylphosphatidylinositolanchored proteins of erythrocyte rafts in regulating raft protein content and malarial infection. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(31):29319–29.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  84. Mendez AJ, Lin G, Wade DP et al. Membrane lipid domains distinct from cholesterol/sphingomyelin-rich rafts are involved in the ABCA1-mediated lipid secretory pathway. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(5):3158–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Ledesma MD, Simons K, Dotti CG. Neuronal polarity: essential role of protein-lipid complexes in axonal sorting. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95(7):3966–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  86. Kasahara K, Sanai Y. Functional roles of glycosphingolipids in signal transduction via lipid rafts. Glycoconj J 2000; 17(3–4):153–62.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Shogomori H, Futerman AH. Cholera toxin is found in detergent-insoluble rafts/domains at the cell surface of hippocampal neurons but is internalized via a raft-independent mechanism. J Biol Chem 2001; 276(12):9182–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  88. Vey M, Pilkuhn S, Wille H et al. Subcellular colocalization of the cellular and scrapie prion proteins in caveolae-like membranous domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1996; 93(25):14945–14949.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  89. Naslavsky N, Stein R, Yanai A et al. Characterization of detergent-insoluble complexes containing the cellular prion protein and its scrapie isoform. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(10):6324–31.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  90. Prinetti A, Iwabuchi K, Hakomori S. Glycosphingolipid-enriched signaling domain in mouse neuroblastoma Neuro2a cells. Mechanism of ganglioside-dependent neuritogenesis. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(30):20916–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  91. Prinetti A, Chigorno V, Tettamanti G et al. Sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains from rat cerebellar granule cells differentiated in culture. A compositional study. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(16):11658–65.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  92. Lisanti MP, Scherer PE, Vidugiriene J et al. Characterization of caveolin-rich membrane domains isolated from an endothelial-rich source: implications for human disease. J Cell Biol 1994; 126(1):111–26.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. Chang WJ, Ying YS, Rothberg KG et al. Purification and characterization of smooth muscle cell caveolae. J Cell Biol 1994; 126(1):127–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  94. Kasahara K, Watanabe Y, Yamamoto T et al. Association of Src family tyrosine kinase Lyn with ganglioside GD3 in rat brain. Possible regulation of Lyn by glycosphingolipid in caveolae-like domains. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(47):29947–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Madore N, Smith KL, Graham CH et al. Functionally different GPI proteins are organized in different domains on the neuronal surface. EMBO J 1999; 18(24):6917–6926.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Parkin ET, Turner AJ, Hooper NM. Amyloid precursor protein, although partially detergent-insoluble in mouse cerebral cortex, behaves as an atypical lipid raft protein. Biochem J 1999; 344(Pt 1):23–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Kawabuchi M, Satomi Y, Takao T et al. Transmembrane phosphoprotein Cbp regulates the activities of Src-family tyrosine kinases. Nature 2000; 404(6781):999–1003.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Parkin ET, Turner AJ, Hooper NM. Differential effects of glycosphingolipids on the detergent-insolubility of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane dipeptidase. Biochem J 2001; 358(Pt 1):209–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Kubler E, Dohlman HG, Lisanti MP. Identification of Triton X-100 insoluble membrane domains in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Lipid requirements for targeting of heterotrimeric G-protein subunits. J Biol Chem 1996; 271(51):32975–80.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Zhang X, Thompson GA, Jr. An apparent association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins and a sphingolipid in Tetrahymena mimbres. Biochem J 1997; 323(Pt 1):197–206.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Taylor CM, Coetzee T, Pfeiffer SE. Detergent-insoluble glycosphingolipid/cholesterol microdomains of the myelin membrane. J Neurochem 2002; 81(5):993–1004.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Loberto N, Prioni S, Bettiga A et al. The membrane environment of endogenous cellular prion protein in primary rat cerebellar neurons. J Neurochem 2005; 95(3):771–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  103. Song KS, Li S, Okamoto T et al. Copurification and direct interaction of Ras with caveolin, an integral membrane protein of caveolae microdomains. Detergent-free purification of caveolae microdomains. J Biol Chem 1996; 271(16):9690–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Smart EJ, Ying YS, Mineo C et al. A detergent-free method for purifying caveolae membrane from tissue culture cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92(22):10104–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  105. Iwabuchi K, Yamamura S, Prinetti A et al. GM3-enriched microdomain involved in cell adhesion and signal transduction through carbohydrate-carbohydrate interaction in mouse melanoma B16 cells. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(15):9130–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Kasahara K, Watanabe K, Takeuchi K et al. Involvement of gangliosides in glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored neuronal cell adhesion molecule TAG-1 signaling in lipid rafts. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(44):34701–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. Liu P, Ying Y, Anderson RG. Platelet-derived growth factor activates mitogen-activated protein kinase in isolated caveolae. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94au](25):13666–70.

    Google Scholar 

  108. Wu C, Butz S, Ying Y et al. Tyrosine kinase receptors concentrated in caveolae-like domains from neuronal plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(6):3554–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Couet J, Sargiacomo M, Lisanti MP. Interaction of a receptor tyrosine kinase, EGF-R, with caveolins. Caveolin binding negatively regulates tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase activities. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(48):30429–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Waugh MG, Lawson D, Hsuan JJ. Epidermal growth factor receptor activation is localized within low-buoyant density, noncaveolar membrane domains. Biochem J 1999; 337(Pt 3):591–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Bilderback TR, Gazula VR, Lisanti MP et al. Caveolin interacts with Trk A and p75(NTR) and regulates neurotrophin signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(1):257–63.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  112. Silva WI, Maldonado HM, Lisanti MP et al. Identification of caveolae and caveolin in C6 glioma cells. Int J Dev Neurosci 1999; 17(7):705–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  113. Bravo-Zehnder M, Orio P, Norambuena A et al. Apical sorting of a voltage-and Ca2+-activated K+ channel alpha-subunit in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells is independent of N-glycosylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2000; 97(24):13114–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  114. Waugh MG, Lawson D, Tan SK et al. Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate synthesis in immunoisolated caveolae-like vesicles and low buoyant density noncaveolar membranes. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(27):17115–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  115. Eckert GP, Igbavboa U, Muller WE et al. Lipid rafts of purified mouse brain synaptosomes prepared with or without detergent reveal different lipid and protein domains. Brain Res 2003; 962(1–2):144–50.

    Google Scholar 

  116. Kim KB, Kim SI, Choo HJ et al. Two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis reveals that lipid rafts are intact at physiological temperature. Proteomics 2004; 4(11):3527–35.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Prinetti A, Prioni S, Chigorno V et al. Immunoseparation of sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains enriched in Src family protein tyrosine kinases and in the neuronal adhesion molecule TAG-1 by anti-GD3 ganglioside monoclonal antibody. J Neurochem 2001; 78(5):1162–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Scandroglio F, Venkata JK, Loberto N et al. Lipid content of brain, brain membrane lipid domains and neurons from acid sphingomyelinase deficient mice. J Neurochem 2008; 107(2):329–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Fiedler K, Kobayashi T, Kurzchalia TV et al. Glycosphingolipid-enriched, detergent-insoluble complexes in protein sorting in epithelial cells. Biochemistry 1993; 32(25):6365–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  120. Kim T, Pfeiffer SE. Myelin glycosphingolipid/cholesterol-enriched microdomains selectively sequester the noncompact myelin proteins CNP and MOG. J Neurocytol 1999; 28(4–5):281–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  121. Simons M, Kramer EM, Thiele C et al. Assembly of myelin by association of proteolipid protein with cholesterol-and galactosylceramide-rich membrane domains. J Cell Biol 2000; 151(1):143–54.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Roper K, Corbeil D, Huttner WB. Retention of prominin in microvilli reveals distinct cholesterol-based lipid micro-domains in the apical plasma membrane. Nat Cell Biol 2000; 2(9):582–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  123. Tillack TW, Allietta M, Moran RE et al. Localization of globoside and Forssman glycolipids on erythrocyte membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1983; 733(1):15–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Rahmann H, Rosner H, Kortje KH et al. Ca(2+)-ganglioside-interaction in neuronal differentiation and development. Prog Brain Res 1994; 101:127–45.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  125. Hakomori S, Handa K, Iwabuchi K et al. New insights in glycosphingolipid function: “glycosignaling domain,” a cell surface assembly of glycosphingolipids with signal transducer molecules, involved in cell adhesion coupled with signaling. Glycobiology 1998; 8(10):xi–xix.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Iwabuchi K, Prinetti A, Sonnino S et al. Involvement of very long fatty acid-containing lactosylceramide in lactosylceramide-mediated superoxide generation and migration in neutrophils. Glycoconj J 2008; 25(4):357–74.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  127. Saxton MJ, Jacobson K. Single-particle tracking: applications to membrane dynamics. Annu Rev Biophys Biomol Struct 1997; 26:373–99.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Jacobson K, Sheets ED, Simson R. Revisiting the fluid mosaic model of membranes. Science 1995; 268(5216):1441–2.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  129. Sheets ED, Lee GM, Simson R et al. Transient confinement of a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein in the plasma membrane. Biochemistry 1997; 36(41):12449–58.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  130. Chen Y, Lagerholm BC, Yang B et al. Methods to measure the lateral diffusion of membrane lipids and proteins. Methods 2006; 39(2):147–53.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  131. Jacobson K, Mouritsen OG, Anderson RG. Lipid rafts: at a crossroad between cell biology and physics. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9(1):7–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  132. Jacobson K, Dietrich C. Looking at lipid rafts? Trends Cell Biol 1999; 9(3):87–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  133. Varma R, Mayor S. GPI-anchored proteins are organized in submicron domains at the cell surface. Nature 1998; 394(6695):798–801.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  134. Rao M, Mayor S. Use of Forster’s resonance energy transfer microscopy to study lipid rafts. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1746(3):221–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  135. Pralle A, Keller P, Florin EL et al. Sphingolipid-cholesterol rafts diffuse as small entities in the plasma membrane of mammalian cells. J Cell Biol 2000; 148(5):997–1008.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  136. Poole K, Meder D, Simons K et al. The effect of raft lipid depletion on microvilli formation in MDCK cells, visualized by atomic force microscopy. FEBS Lett 2004; 565(1–3):53–8.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Ishitsuka R, Sato SB, Kobayashi T. Imaging lipid rafts. J Biochem (Tokyo) 2005; 137(3):249–54.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Lagerholm BC, Weinreb GE, Jacobson K et al. Detecting microdomains in intact cell membranes. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2005; 56:309–36.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  139. Schutz GJ, Kada G, Pastushenko VP et al. Properties of lipid microdomains in a muscle cell membrane visualized by single molecule microscopy. Embo J 2000; 19(5):892–901.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  140. Wilson BS, Pfeiffer JR, Oliver JM. Observing FcepsilonRI signaling from the inside of the mast cell membrane. J Cell Biol 2000; 149(5):1131–42.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  141. Brugger B, Graham C, Leibrecht I et al. The membrane domains occupied by glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored prion protein and Thy-1 differ in lipid composition. J Biol Chem 2004; 279(9):7530–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  142. Sharma DK, Brown JC, Choudhury A et al. Selective stimulation of caveolar endocytosis by glycosphingolipids and cholesterol 10.1091/mbc.E04-03-0189. Mol Biol Cell 2004; 15(7):3114–3122.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  143. Douglass AD, Vale RD. Single-molecule microscopy reveals plasma membrane microdomains created by protein-protein networks that exclude or trap signaling molecules in T-cells. Cell 2005; 121(6):937–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  144. Lommerse PH, Spaink HP, Schmidt T. In vivo plasma membrane organization: results of biophysical approaches. Biochim Biophys Acta 2004; 1664:119–131.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  145. Maekawa S, Iino S, Miyata S. Molecular characterization of the detergent-insoluble cholesterol-rich membrane microdomain (raft) of the central nervous system. Biochim Biophys Acta 2003; 1610(2):261–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  146. Suzuki T. Lipid rafts at postsynaptic sites: distribution, function and linkage to postsynaptic density. Neurosci Res 2002; 44(1):1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  147. Chini B, Parenti M. G-protein coupled receptors in lipid rafts and caveolae: how, when and why do they go there? J Mol Endocrinol 2004; 32(2):325–38.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  148. Prinetti A, Marano N, Prioni S et al. Association of Src-family protein tyrosine kinases with sphingolipids in rat cerebellar granule cells differentiated in culture. Glycoconj J 2000; 17(3–4):223–32.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  149. Paratcha G, Ibanez CF. Lipid rafts and the control of neurotrophic factor signaling in the nervous system: variations on a theme. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2002; 12(5):542–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  150. Tsui-Pierchala BA, Encinas M, Milbrandt J et al. Lipid rafts in neuronal signaling and function. Trends Neurosci 2002; 25(8):412–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  151. Nagappan G, Lu B. Activity-dependent modulation of the BDNF receptor TrkB: mechanisms and implications. Trends Neurosci 2005; 28(9):464–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  152. Saarma M. GDNF recruits the signaling crew into lipid rafts. Trends Neurosci 2001; 24(8):427–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  153. Yang XL, Xiong WC, Mei L. Lipid rafts in neuregulin signaling at synapses. Life Sci 2004; 75(21):2495–504.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  154. Gauthier LR, Robbins SM. Ephrin signaling: One raft to rule them all? One raft to sort them? One raft to spread their call and in signaling bind them? Life Sci 2003; 74(2–3):207–16.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  155. Becher A, McIlhinney RA. Consequences of lipid raft association on G-protein-coupled receptor function. Biochem Soc Symp 2005; 72:151–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  156. Barnett-Norris J, Lynch D, Reggio PH. Lipids, lipid rafts and caveolae: Their importance for GPCR signaling and their centrality to the endocannabinoid system. Life Sciences Targeted Lipidomics: Endocannabinoids and other Endolipid Modulators 2005; 77(14):1625–1639.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  157. Tooze SA, Martens GJ, Huttner WB. Secretory granule biogenesis: rafting to the SNARE. Trends Cell Biol 2001; 11(3):116–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Decker L, Baron W, Ffrench-Constant C. Lipid rafts: microenvironments for integrin-growth factor interactions in neural development. Biochem Soc Trans 2004; 32(Pt 3):426–30.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  159. Mineo C, James GL, Smart EJ et al. Localization of epidermal growth factor-stimulated Ras/Raf-1 interaction to caveolae membrane. J Biol Chem 1996; 271(20):11930–11935.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  160. Bilderback TR, Grigsby RJ, Dobrowsky RT. Association of p75(NTR) with caveolin and localization of neurotrophin-induced sphingomyelin hydrolysis to caveolae. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(16):10922–10927.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  161. Masserini M, Palestini P, Pitto M. Glycolipid-enriched caveolae and caveolae-like domains in the nervous system. J Neurochem 1999; 73(1):1–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  162. Santuccione A, Sytnyk V, Leshchyns’ka I et al. Prion protein recruits its neuronal receptor NCAM to lipid rafts to activate p59fyn and to enhance neurite outgrowth. J Cell Biol 2005; 169(2):341–354.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  163. McKerracher L. Ganglioside rafts as MAG receptors that mediate blockade of axon growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99(12):7811–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  164. Vyas AA, Patel HV, Fromholt SE et al. Gangliosides are functional nerve cell ligands for myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), an inhibitor of nerve regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99(12):8412–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  165. Boggs JM, Wang H, Gao W et al. A glycosynapse in myelin? Glycoconj J 2004; 21(3–4):97–110.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  166. Loberto N, Prioni S, Prinetti A et al. The adhesion protein TAG-1 has a ganglioside environment in the sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains of neuronal cells in culture. J Neurochem 2003; 85(1):224–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  167. Rivaroli A, Prioni S, Loberto N et al. Reorganization of prion protein membrane environment during low potassium-induced apoptosis in primary rat cerebellar neurons. J Neurochem 2007; 103(5):1954–67.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  168. Pierchala BA, Milbrandt J, Johnson EM, Jr. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-dependent recruitment of Ret into lipid rafts enhances signaling by partitioning Ret from proteasome-dependent degradation. J Neurosci 2006; 26(10):2777–87.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  169. Kasahara K, Watanabe K, Kozutsumi Y et al. Association of GPI-anchored protein TAG-1 with src-family kinase Lyn in lipid rafts of cerebellar granule cells. Neurochem Res 2002; 27(7–8):823–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  170. Lynch SA, Brugge JS, Levine JM. Induction of altered c-src product during neural differentiation of embryonal carcinoma cells. Science 1986; 234(4778):873–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  171. Mellstrom K, Bjelfman C, Hammerling U et al. Expression of c-src in cultured human neuroblastoma and small-cell lung carcinoma cell lines correlates with neurocrine differentiation. Mol Cell Biol 1987; 7(12):4178–84.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  172. Bjelfman C, Meyerson G, Cartwright CA et al. Early activation of endogenous pp60src kinase activity during neuronal differentiation of cultured human neuroblastoma cells. Mol Cell Biol 1990; 10(1):361–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  173. den Hertog J, Pals CE, Peppelenbosch MP et al. Receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase alpha activates pp60c-src and is involved in neuronal differentiation. Embo J 1993; 12(10):3789–98.

    Google Scholar 

  174. Chakraborty M, Anderson GM, Chakraborty A et al. Accumulation of high level of pp60c-srcN is an early event during GM3-antibody mediated differentiation of neuro-2a neuroblastoma cells. Brain Res 1993; 625(2):197–202.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  175. Cartwright CA, Simantov R, Kaplan PL et al. Alterations in pp60c-src accompany differentiation of neurons from rat embryo striatum. Mol Cell Biol 1987; 7(5):1830–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  176. Yu XM, Salter MW. Src, a molecular switch governing gain control of synaptic transmission mediated by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96(14):7697–704.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  177. Foster-Barber A, Bishop JM. Src interacts with dynamin and synapsin in neuronal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1998; 95(8):4673–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  178. Hooper N. Roles of proteolysis and lipid rafts in the processing of the amyloid precursor protein and prion protein. Biochem Soc Trans 2005; 33:335–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  179. Kazlauskaite J, Pinheiro TJ. Aggregation and fibrillization of prions in lipid membranes. Biochem Soc Symp 2005; 72:211–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  180. Kojima N, Shiota M, Sadahira Y et al. Cell adhesion in a dynamic flow system as compared to static system. Glycosphingolipid-glycosphingolipid interaction in the dynamic system predominates over lectin-or integrin-based mechanisms in adhesion of B16 melanoma cells to non-activated endothelial cells. J Biol Chem 1992; 267(24):17264–17270.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  181. Satoh M, Ito A, Nojiri H et al. Enhanced GM3 expression, associated with decreased invasiveness, is induced by brefeldin A in bladder cancer cells. Int J Oncol 2001; 19(4):723–731.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  182. Kawamura S, Ohyama C, Watanabe R et al. Glycolipid composition in bladder tumor: A crucial role of GM3 ganglioside in tumor invasion. International Journal of Cancer 2001; 94(3):343–347.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  183. Nojiri H, Yamana H, Shirouzu G et al. Glycotherapy for cancer: remodeling of ganglioside pattern as an effective approach for cancer therapy. Cancer Detec Preven 2002; 26(2):114–120.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  184. Watanabe R, Ohyama C, Aoki H et al. Ganglioside GM3 overexpression induces apoptosis and reduces malignant potential in murine bladder cancer. Cancer Res 2002; 62(13):3850–3854.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  185. Ono M, Handa K, Sonnino S et al. GM3 ganglioside inhibits CD9-facilitated haptotactic cell motility: coexpression of GM3 and CD9 is essential in the downregulation of tumor cell motility and malignancy. Biochemistry 2001; 40(21):6414–6421.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  186. Ono M, Handa K, Withers DA et al. Motility inhibition and apoptosis are induced by metastasis-suppressing gene product CD82 and its analogue CD9, with concurrent glycosylation. Cancer Res 1999; 59(10):2335–2339.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  187. Hakomori S. Glycosylation defining cancer malignancy: new wine in an old bottle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002; 99(16):10231–3.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  188. Hakomori S. Glycosynapses: microdomains controlling carbohydrate-dependent cell adhesion and signaling. An Acad Bras Cienc 2004; 76(3):553–572.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  189. Iwabuchi K, Handa K, Hakomori S. Separation of “glycosphingolipid signaling domain” from caveolin-containing membrane fraction in mouse melanoma B16 cells and its role in cell adhesion coupled with signaling. J Biol Chem 1998; 273(50):33766–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  190. Satoh M, Nejad FM, Ohtani H et al. Association of renal cell carcinoma antigen, disialylgalactosylgloboside, with c-Src and Rho A in clustered domains at the surface membrane. Int J Oncol 2000; 16(3):529–536.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  191. Steelant WF, Kawakami Y, Ito A et al. Monosialyl-Gb5 organized with cSrc and FAK in GEM of human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells defines their invasive properties. FEBS Letters 2002; 531(1):93–98.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  192. Kawakami Y, Kawakami K, Steelant WF et al. Tetraspanin CD9 is a “proteolipid,” and its interaction with alpha 3 integrin in microdomain is promoted by GM3 ganglioside, leading to inhibition of laminin-5-dependent cell motility. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(37):34349–58.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  193. Miura Y, Kainuma M, Jiang H et al. Reversion of the Jun-induced oncogenic phenotype by enhanced synthesis of sialosyllactosylceramide (GM3 ganglioside). Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101(46):16204–16209.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  194. Mitsuzuka K, Handa K, Satoh M et al. A specific microdomain (“glycosynapse 3”) controls phenotypic conversion and reversion of bladder cancer cells through GM3-mediated interaction of alpha3beta1 integrin with CD9. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(42):35545–53.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  195. Bremer EG, Schlessinger J, Hakomori S. Ganglioside-mediated modulation of cell growth. Specific effects of GM3 on tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J Biol Chem 1986; 261(5):2434–40.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  196. Hanai N, Nores GA, MacLeod C et al. Ganglioside-mediated modulation of cell growth. Specific effects of GM3 and lyso-GM3 in tyrosine phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. J Biol Chem 1988; 263(22):10915–21.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  197. Song W X, Vacca MF, Welti R et al. Effects of gangliosides GM3 and De-N-acetyl GM3 on epidermal growth factor receptor kinase activity and cell growth. J Biol Chem 1991; 266(16):10174–81.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  198. Zhou Q, Hakomori S, Kitamura K et al. GM3 directly inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation and de-N-acetyl-GM3 directly enhances serine phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor, independently of receptor-receptor interaction. J Biol Chem 1994; 269(3):1959–65.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Miljan EA, Meuillet EJ, Mania-Farnell B et al. Interaction of the extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor with gangliosides. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(12):10108–13.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  200. Yoon SJ, Nakayama K, Hikita T et al. Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase is modulated by GM3 interaction with N-linked GlcNAc termini of the receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103(50):18987–91.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  201. Yoon SJ, Nakayama K, Takahashi N et al. Interaction of N-linked glycans, having multivalent GlcNAc termini, with GM3 ganglioside. Glycoconj J 2006; 23(9):639–49.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  202. Ringerike T, Blystad F D, Levy FO et al. Cholesterol is important in control of EGF receptor kinase activity but EGF receptors are not concentrated in caveolae. J Cell Sci 2002; 115(6):1331–1340.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. Roepstorff K, Thomsen P, Sandvig K et al. Sequestration of epidermal growth factor receptors in noncaveolar lipid rafts inhibits ligand binding. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(21):18954–60.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  204. Pike LJ. Growth factor receptors, lipid rafts and caveolae: an evolving story. Biochim Biophys Acta 2005; 1746(3):260–73.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  205. Pike LJ, Han X, Gross RW. Epidermal growth factor receptors are localized to lipid rafts that contain a balance of inner and outer leaflet lipids: a shotgun lipidomics study. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(29):26796–804.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  206. Waugh MG, Minogue S, Anderson JS et al. Signalling and noncaveolar rafts. Biochem Soc Trans 2001; 29(Pt 4):509–511.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  207. Wang X-Q, Sun P, Paller AS. Ganglioside induces caveolin-1 redistribution and interaction with the epidermal growth factor receptor. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(49):47028–47034.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  208. Wang XQ, Sun P, Paller AS. Ganglioside GM3 blocks the activation of epidermal growth factor receptor induced by integrin at specific tyrosine sites. J Biol Chem 2003; 278(49):48770–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  209. Gustavsson J, Parpal S, Karlsson M et al. Localization of the insulin receptor in caveolae of adipocyte plasma membrane. Faseb J 1999; 13(14):1961–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  210. Kabayama K, Sato T, Kitamura F et al. TNFalpha-induced insulin resistance in adipocytes as a membrane microdomain disorder: involvement of ganglioside GM3. Glycobiology 2005; 15(1):21–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  211. Couet J, Li S, Okamoto T et al. Identification of peptide and protein ligands for the caveolin-scaffolding domain. Implications for the interaction of caveolin with caveolae-associated proteins. J Biol Chem 1997; 272(10):6525–33.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  212. Kabayama K, Sato T, Saito K et al. Dissociation of the insulin receptor and caveolin-1 complex by ganglioside GM3 in the state of insulin resistance. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104(34):13678–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  213. Tagami S, Inokuchi Ji J, Kabayama K et al. Ganglioside GM3 participates in the pathological conditions of insulin resistance. J Biol Chem 2002; 277(5):3085–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  214. Veracini L, Simon V, Richard V et al. The Csk-binding protein PAG regulates PDGF-induced Src mitogenic signaling via GM1. J Cell Biol 2008; 182(3):603–14.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  215. Wada T, Yoshikawa Y, Tokuyama S et al. Cloning, expression and chromosomal mapping of a human ganglioside sialidase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1999; 261(1):21–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  216. Miyagi T, Wada T, Iwamatsu A et al. Molecular cloning and characterization of a plasma membrane-associated sialidase specific for gangliosides. J Biol Chem 1999; 274(8):5004–11.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  217. Hasegawa T, Yamaguchi K, Wada T et al. Molecular cloning of mouse ganglioside sialidase and its increased expression in neuro2a cell differentiation. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(19):14778.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  218. Kalka D, von Reitzenstein C, Kopitz J et al. The plasma membrane ganglioside sialidase cofractionates with markers of lipid rafts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 283(4):989–93.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  219. Papini N, Anastasia L, Tringali C et al. The plasma membrane-associated sialidase MmNEU3 modifies the ganglioside pattern of adjacent cells supporting its involvement in cell-to-cell interactions. J Biol Chem 2004; 279(17):16989–95.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  220. Valaperta R, Chigorno V, Basso L et al. Plasma membrane production of ceramide from ganglioside GM3 in human fibroblasts. Faseb J 2006; 20(8):1227–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  221. Preti A, Fiorilli A, Lombardo A et al. Occurrence of sialyltransferase activity in the synaptosomal membranes prepared from calf brain cortex. J Neurochem 1980; 35(2):281–96.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  222. Matsui Y, Lombard D, Massarelli R et al. Surface glycosyltransferase activities during development of neuronal cell cultures. J Neurochem 1986; 46(1):144–50.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  223. Durrie R, Saito M, Rosenberg A. Endogenous glycosphingolipid acceptor specificity of sialosyltransferase systems in intact Golgi membranes, synaptosomes and synaptic plasma membranes from rat brain. Biochemistry 1988; 27(10):3759–64.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  224. Durrie R, Rosenberg A. Anabolic sialosylation of gangliosides in situ in rat brain cortical slices. J Lipid Res 1989; 30(8):1259–66.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  225. Iwamori M, Iwamori Y. Changes in the glycolipid composition and characteristic activation of GM3 synthase in the thymus of mouse after administration of dexamethasone. Glycoconj J 2005; 22(3):119–26.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  226. Mencarelli S, Cavalieri C, Magini A et al. Identification of plasma membrane associated mature beta-hexosaminidase A, active towards GM2 ganglioside, in human fibroblasts. FEBS Lett 2005; 579(25):5501–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  227. Kong Y, Li R, Ladisch S. Natural forms of shed tumor gangliosides. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1394(1):43–56.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  228. Deng W, Li R, Ladisch S. Influence of cellular ganglioside depletion on tumor formation. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92(11):912–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  229. Chigorno V, Giannotta C, Ottico E et al. Sphingolipid uptake by cultured cells: complex aggregates of cell sphingolipids with serum proteins and lipoproteins are rapidly catabolized. J Biol Chem 2005; 280(4):2668–75.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  230. Schroeder F, Nemecz G, Wood WG et al. Transmembrane distribution of sterol in the human erythrocyte. Biochim Biophys Acta 1991; 1066(2):183–92.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  231. Igbavboa U, Avdulov NA, Chochina SV et al. Transbilayer distribution of cholesterol is modified in brain synaptic plasma membranes of knockout mice deficient in the low-density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein E, or both proteins. J Neurochem 1997; 69(4):1661–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  232. Palestini P, Pitto M, Tedeschi G et al. Tubulin anchoring to glycolipid-enriched, detergent-resistant domains of the neuronal plasma membrane. J Biol Chem 2000; 275(14):9978–85.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  233. Viola A, Gupta N. Tether and trap: regulation of membrane-raft dynamics by actin-binding proteins. Nat Rev Immunol 2007; 7(11):889–96.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases Departments of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Milan, Segrate, Italy

    Sandro Sonnino & Alessandro Prinetti

Authors
  1. Sandro Sonnino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alessandro Prinetti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alessandro Prinetti .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA

    Charles Chalfant PhD

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA

    Maurizio Del Poeta MD

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2010 Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sonnino, S., Prinetti, A. (2010). Gangliosides as Regulators of Cell Membrane Organization and Functions. In: Chalfant, C., Poeta, M.D. (eds) Sphingolipids as Signaling and Regulatory Molecules. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 688. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6741-1_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation