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Human dendritic cell subsets and function in health and disease

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Abstract

The method of choice for the development of new vaccines is to target distinct dendritic cell subsets with antigen in vivo and to harness their function in situ to enhance cell-mediated immunity or induce tolerance to specific antigens. The innate functions of dendritic cells themselves may also be targeted by inhibitors or activators that would target a specific function such as interferon production, potentially important in autoimmune disease and chronic viral infections. Importantly targeting dendritic cells requires detailed knowledge of both the surface phenotype and function of each dendritic cell subset, including how they may respond to different types of vaccine adjuvants, their ability to produce soluble mediators and to process and present antigens and induce priming of naïve T cells. This review summarizes our knowledge of the functional attributes of the human dendritic cell subsets in the steady state and upon activation and their roles in human disease.

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Abbreviations

Ag:

Antigen

CTL:

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte

DC:

Dendritic cells

ESAM:

Endothelial cell-selective adhesion molecule

Flt3:

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3

Flt3L:

Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

IFN:

Interferon

IFN-I:

Type I interferons

IFN-III:

Type III interferons (also known as IFN-λ)

LC:

Langerhans cells

MoDC:

Monocytes-derived dendritic cells

Necl2:

Nectin-like protein 2

NET:

Neutrophil extracellular trap

PDC:

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells

PAMPs or DAMPs:

Pathogen or damage associated molecular patterns

PBMC:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

Poly I:C:

Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid

PRR:

Pattern recognition receptors

SLE:

Systemic lupus erythematosus

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

TGF:

Transforming growth factor

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

TSLP:

Thymic stromal lymphopoietin

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

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Acknowledgments

MOK and KJR are supported by National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Fellowships (1077633 MOK and 10089896 KJR) and Project grants (1078987 and 1085934). KJR and MOK are also supported by Project Grants from Worldwide Cancer Research UK. WHM is supported by a University of Queensland UQI International postgraduate scholarship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia

    Meredith O’Keeffe

  2. Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Meredith O’Keeffe

  3. Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia

    Wai Hong Mok & Kristen J. Radford

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  1. Meredith O’Keeffe
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  2. Wai Hong Mok
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  3. Kristen J. Radford
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Correspondence to Kristen J. Radford.

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O’Keeffe, M., Mok, W.H. & Radford, K.J. Human dendritic cell subsets and function in health and disease. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 72, 4309–4325 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0

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