Systematic or Meta-analysis StudiesAtypical responses in patients with advanced melanoma, lung cancer, renal-cell carcinoma and other solid tumors treated with anti-PD-1 drugs: A systematic review
Section snippets
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as effective treatments for melanoma and other cancers. Ipilimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody that blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), was the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by the regulatory authorities for the treatment of melanoma; more recently, anti-programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) drugs nivolumab and pembrolizumab were approved for the treatment of melanoma and other cancers, such as non-small-cell
Methods
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used for the conduct and reporting of this systematic review [2].
Study characteristics
Thirty-eight studies were included in our analysis for a total of 7069 patients with advanced cancer treated with anti-PD-1 therapy [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36], [37], [38], [39], [40], [41], [42], [43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49]. Treatment regimens included pembrolizumab and nivolumab at different dosages, nivolumab plus a
Discussion
Immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrated significant anticancer activity in many cancer types and are likely to play a major role in cancer treatment in the future. Ipilimumab, which improved survival in advanced melanoma patients, was the first immune checkpoint inhibitor approved by regulatory agencies; anti-PD-1 agents were recently approved for melanoma, NSCLC, RCC, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and are in clinical development for more than 30 tumor types. Atypical patterns of
Conflict of interest statement
All authors have no financial interest in any of the products, devices, or drugs mentioned in this article. FS received lecture fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Roche, MSD; PQ received lecture fees and served on advisory board for Bristol-Myers Squibb, Novartis, Roche and MSD.
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