Immunologic checkpoints for cancer treatment: From scientific rationale to clinical applicationThe Emerging Toxicity Profiles of Anti–CTLA-4 Antibodies Across Clinical Indications
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Presentation and Management of Immune-Related Adverse Events Across Clinical Indications
Although safety data on anti–CTLA-4 mAbs derive essentially from clinical trials in cutaneous melanoma patients (Table 1), this novel therapeutic strategy also is being extensively tested in nonmelanoma indications such as lung, prostate, and renal cancer. These studies are clearly showing that completely overlapping irAEs can be observed, regardless of tumor histotype, identifying them as class-specific toxicities. In the following sections the major irAEs observed with ipilimumab and
Conclusions
The novel immunotherapeutic approach based on CTLA-4 targeting by therapeutic mAbs is a promising strategy that will likely impact the current management of human tumors of different histotypes. Well-defined irAEs are commonly associated with CTLA-4 blockade and represent the toxicity profile to be expected with this therapeutic approach. Noteworthy, the clinical experience built with anti–CTLA-4 mAbs in recent studies has demonstrated a better safety profile as compared to earlier trials,
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Disclosure: Advisory Boards from Bristol-Myers Squibb (M.M.).