Large B-cell lymphomas poor in B cells and rich in PD-1+ T cells can mimic T-cell lymphomas

Am J Clin Pathol. 2014 Aug;142(2):150-6. doi: 10.1309/AJCPFJWKQ6GTVQE6.

Abstract

Objectives: To characterize the clinicopathologic features of cases of large B-cell lymphomas, poor in B cells and densely rich in programmed cell death-1 (PD-1)+ reactive T cells, which can mimic T-cell lymphomas.

Methods: A single-institute retrospective review of cases between 2010 and 2013 was performed.

Results: Of 178 cases of large B-cell lymphomas, eight cases of large B-cell lymphomas poor in B cells and diffusely rich in sheets of PD-1+ T cells were identified. These cases either were initially misdiagnosed as a T-cell lymphoma or substantiated a broader differential diagnosis including a T-cell lymphoma. Five cases were T-cell histiocyte-rich large B-cell lymphomas, and three cases were diagnosed as large B-cell lymphomas rich in T cells. In three of these cases, a subset of the PD-1+ T cells showed either morphologic nuclear atypia or atypical expression of T-cell antigens on flow cytometry and/or immunohistochemistry.

Conclusions: Large B-cell lymphomas poor in B cells and rich in T cells can have diffuse sheets of reactive PD-1+ T cells, some with atypical morphologic and immunophenotypic features mimicking a T-cell lymphoma. Careful assessment of the immunoarchitecture and background inflammatory and stromal cells can prevent erroneous diagnoses in such cases.

Keywords: Large B-cell lymphoma; PD-1+ T cells; T-cell histiocyte rich large B-cell lymphoma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • B-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • Diagnosis, Differential*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Immunophenotyping / methods
  • Lymphocyte Count
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / diagnosis
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / metabolism
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / pathology*
  • Lymphoma, B-Cell / therapy
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / diagnosis
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Lymphoma, T-Cell / pathology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / metabolism*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • T-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • PDCD1 protein, human
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor