Background Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) promotes adaptive immunity and tumor
regression in some cancer patients. However, in patients with immunologically “cold” …

Since 1997, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype have been
transmitted from avian hosts to humans. The severity of H5N1 infection in humans, as well …

For nearly a century, aluminum salts have been the most widely used vaccine adjuvant
formulation, and have thus established a history of safety and efficacy. Nevertheless, for …

Amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytic a is the third leading cause of parasitic mortality
globally, with some 100,000 deaths annually, primarily among young children. Protective …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists TLR 7/8, MEDI9197, is a imidazoquinoline analogue that
can be used for cancer immunotherapy based on its efficacy toward a variety of tumors …

Diarrheal infectious diseases represent a major cause of global morbidity and mortality.
There is an urgent need for vaccines against diarrheal pathogens, especially parasites …

Abstract MEDI9197 (formerly 3M-052) is a sustained-release imidazoquinoline toll like
receptor (TLR) TLR7/8 agonist designed with a lipid tail that, when injected, is retained …

Despite the recent breakthrough of checkpoint blockade antibodies targeting T cells to
combat cancer, it has become apparent that the majority of patients are not fully responsive …